In this study, the term of urbanization is understood in a broad sense, not only as the concentration of the population in cities or urban planning, but as a process closely linked to modernization and broad social changes during the transition period from agrarian (rural) to industrial (urban) society, which were changing everyday life, social relations and identity forms. The aim of this work – to investigate the processes of internal migration from countryside to the cities and social and cultural consequences of urbanization related to it. The article analyzes the demographic indicators of urban change and municipal policy in the face of growing urbanization. We intended to discover what were the signs of the modern city in general and whether these metropolitan cultural changes were felt in Lithuania.