Any concept of democracy emphasizes the equality of all citizens in their right to participate in public life. Nowadays, Human rights are an indicator of implementation of the principle of equality in public life. The state recognizing Human rights disclaims inequality and in that case violation of equal Human rights and opportunities, i.e. discrimination is illicit. Detection of public perception of equality and discrimination and opportunities to restore the violated rights as well gives possibility to discuss the process of democracy in a state. In the article the presented research deals with a legal and institutional context of Human rights protection in Lithuania, a state of art in the national Human rights research from sociological point of a view and the resent quantitative comparative data of EU‘s „Eurobarometer“.